Arabic 
English Management of poultry farms and hatcheries
What are the most important treatments to reduce fungi in feed ?
1- Pay attention to cleanliness, disinfection, storage, and climatic conditions, especially temperature and humidity.
2- Adding fungal growth inhibitors.
3- Heat treatment of feed to break down some mycotoxins.
4- Putting coal in the halls.
5- Use calcium silica or aluminum.
6- Using some minerals, such as zeolite and bentonite, which act as adsorption to fungi and their toxins.
7- Use some acids that inhibit the growth of fungi, such as acetic acid, lactic acid, and others
What are the most important mistakes in poultry farming ?
1- Failure to take into account biosecurity in all its aspects.
2- Providing adulterated and contaminated feed, diets prepared using an unscientific program, and scattering feed.
3- Placing a number of chickens crowded together per square meter exceeding the maximum percentage.
4- Providing long and fluctuating hours of darkness for the herd.
5- Dirt and malfunctions occurring in devices and tools.
6- Fluctuation of temperature and humidity in all areas of poultry farming.
7- Combining more than one type of production in one field, such as a hall for raising broilers and a hall for raising layers.
8- Negligence in getting rid of waste and vaccination waste because they are among the most important causes of disease outbreaks.
9- Fluctuation of electrical energy and hours of light and darkness.
10- Delayed marketing of the herd, poor quality of the product and marketing method
What are the factors for the spread of fungi in feed ?
1- Type of mushroom.
2- Duration and nature of storage.
3- Temperature.
4- Air humidity and water.
5- Hydrogen ion concentration.
6- Other factors related to the nature and composition of the feed.
What are the most important disinfectants used in the poultry industry ?
The most important disinfectants used in the poultry industry are:
1- Chlorine compounds.
2- Formaldehyde.
3- Phenol.
4- Soapy detergents.
5- Alkali.
6- Potassium permanganate.
7- Copper sulphate.
8- Vinegar.
9- Sulfamic acid. 10-H2O2.
What are the most important factors affecting feed quality ?
1- Fiber percentage.
2- Storage conditions.
3- Manufacturing period to submission.
4- Rancidity.
5- Plant fungi.
6- Accuracy of feed design according to the breed and nature of production.
What are the steps for raising chicks from one day old by bringing them into the hall until they are marketed ?
1- Preparing the hall (washing and cleaning, disinfection and sterilization by spraying or fumigation, safety of equipment and tools and distributing them in a scientifically calculated manner)
2- Introduce meal to one-day-old chicks, weighed (gm) and vaccinated with coarse spray.
3- Giving water and sugar.
4- Provide a starter diet at the age of (1-21 days).
5- Weigh the chicks weekly, and weigh the feed on the same day to calculate feed consumption, feed conversion efficiency, and weight gain.
6- The preventive program prepared in advance according to the breed bred. 7- Recording losses and disposing of them. 8- Marketing.
What is health management ?
It is concerned with administrative procedures related to the health aspect of the animal, including: - Biosecurity.
- Cleaning and disinfectants.
- Vaccines and medications.
- Feed storage conditions and monitoring and treating fungal infections
. - The operation of the hatcheries and their safety before and after the introduction of the hatchlings.
- Clothes and protective gear in fields and laboratories.
- Disposal of waste and waste
What are the most important factors affecting the effectiveness of disinfectant ?
