Arabic 
English 
A master's thesis in the College of Law and Political Science discussed: The legal system of causation and the operative part in writing the civil judicial ruling / A comparative analytical study By researcher Maysara Muhammad Sharqi, in Hammurabi Hall in the college
The discussion committee consisted of professors:
1. Prof. Dr. Furat Rustum Amin / University of Kirkuk / College of Law and Political Science ... Chairman
2. Prof. Dr. Hala Salah Yassin / University of Kirkuk / College of Law and Political Science ... Member
3. Asst. Prof. Dr. Manaf Salim Hassoun / University of Kirkuk / College of Law and Political Science ... Member
4. Prof. Dr. Ahmed Samir Mohammed / University of Kirkuk / College of Law and Political Science ... Member and Supervisor
The thesis, which was discussed in the presence of the Dean of the College of Law and Political Science, Assistant Professor Dr. Murad Saeb Mahmoud, aimed to attempt to come up with a comprehensive theory of the legal system for reasoning and the operative part in writing the judicial ruling and to address the shortcomings and ambiguity that beset the position of the Iraqi and comparative legislator regarding the subject of the study.
The thesis concluded that the judicial ruling has pillars represented by its issuance in an existing dispute and its issuance by a competent court, as well as its issuance in the prescribed form according to the Code of Civil Procedure. The loss of these pillars or one of them renders the ruling null and void, and the null and void ruling is the one that has no legal effect and therefore does not have the force of judgments according to the text of Articles (105) and (106) of the Iraqi Evidence Law, and the appeal period does not apply to it
